[ADD] l10n_gt: add Guatemalan fiscal localization

closes odoo/documentation#14238

X-original-commit: ef843806a2
Signed-off-by: Audrey Vandromme (auva) <auva@odoo.com>
Signed-off-by: Zachary Straub (zst) <zst@odoo.com>

content/applications/finance/accounting/customer_invoices/electronic_invoicing.rst

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ Odoo supports e-invoicing in many countries. Refer to the country's page for mor
 - :doc:`Ecuador <electronic_invoicing/ecuador>`
 - :doc:`Estonia <electronic_invoicing/estonia>`
 - :doc:`Finland <electronic_invoicing/finland>`
+- :doc:`Guatemala <electronic_invoicing/guatemala>`
 - :doc:`Hungary <electronic_invoicing/hungary>`
 - :doc:`Ireland <electronic_invoicing/ireland>`
 - :doc:`Italy <electronic_invoicing/italy>`

content/applications/finance/accounting/customer_invoices/electronic_invoicing/guatemala.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+:orphan:
+
+======================================
+Odoo electronic invoicing in Guatemala
+======================================
+
+The Odoo **Invoicing** and **Accounting** applications offer legally compliant e-invoicing solutions
+tailored to meet Guatemala's regulatory requirements, including those established by the
+`Superintendencia de Administración Tributaria (SAT) <https://portal.sat.gob.gt/>`_.
+
+Legal framework for e-invoicing in Guatemala
+============================================
+
+Guatemala has mandated electronic invoicing under the :abbr:`FEL (Factura Electrónica en Línea)`
+system, which applies to most businesses to enhance fiscal control and modernize tax administration.
+Key elements include:
+
+- **Factura Electrónica en Línea (FEL)**: A mandatory e-invoicing system required for B2B, B2C, and
+  :abbr:`B2G (business-to-government)` transactions, regulated by the :abbr:`SAT (Superintendencia
+  de Administración Tributaria)`. Each authorized document must be digitally signed and contain a
+  unique certification code.
+- **Integration with SAT**: All electronic documents must be issued through a certified certifier
+  `(Proveedor de Certificación)` and validated by the :abbr:`SAT (Superintendencia de Administración
+  Tributaria)` before being delivered to the customer. Once validated, the document receives a
+  certification date and unique UUID.
+- **XML Format**: Guatemala mandates the use of XML for electronic documents, following SAT's
+  official XSD schema to ensure interoperability and traceability.
+- **Adoption Timeline**: The transition to FEL has been implemented gradually by economic activity
+  and taxpayer profile, but it is now mandatory for most business sectors in the country.
+
+Compliance with Guatemalan e-invoicing regulations
+==================================================
+
+Odoo Invoicing simplifies compliance with Guatemala's e-invoicing requirements by offering native
+FEL integration and automation features:
+
+- **Supported formats**: Odoo supports most mandatory FEL document types in SAT-compliant XML,
+  including invoices (:abbr:`FACT`), credit notes (:abbr:`NCRE`), and debit notes (:abbr:`NDEB`).
+  Each document is automatically submitted to a certified certifier (Infile), digitally signed, and
+  validated by the SAT in real time.
+- **Secure storage and retrieval**: In accordance with Guatemalan regulations, Odoo provides
+  centralized and secure storage of certified documents, including their XML and PDF graphical
+  representations, with full access for audits and control processes.
+- **Automatic tax calculation and reporting**: Odoo automates VAT (IVA) and applicable tax
+  computations, ensuring compliance with local tax rates, exemption rules, and reporting structures
+  as defined by the SAT.
+
+.. seealso::
+   :doc:`Guatemalan fiscal localization documentation <../../../fiscal_localizations/guatemala>`
+
+.. admonition:: Disclaimer
+
+   This page provides a general overview of Guatemalan e-invoicing regulations and how Odoo supports
+   compliance with SAT requirements. It is not intended as legal or tax advice. We recommend
+   consulting with a tax advisor or legal professional familiar with Guatemala's e-invoicing
+   regulations to ensure full compliance tailored to your specific business requirements.

content/applications/finance/fiscal_localizations.rst

@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ Fiscal localization modules are available for the countries listed below.
 - :doc:`Germany <fiscal_localizations/germany>`
 - Guinea
 - Greece
-- Guatemala
+- :doc:`Guatemala <fiscal_localizations/guatemala>`
 - Guinea-Bissau
 - Honduras
 - :doc:`Hong Kong <fiscal_localizations/hong_kong>`
@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ Fiscal localization modules are available for the countries listed below.
    fiscal_localizations/egypt
    fiscal_localizations/france
    fiscal_localizations/germany
+   fiscal_localizations/guatemala
    fiscal_localizations/hong_kong
    fiscal_localizations/india
    fiscal_localizations/indonesia

content/applications/finance/fiscal_localizations/guatemala.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+=========
+Guatemala
+=========
+
+.. |SAT| replace:: :abbr:`SAT (Superintendencia de Administración Tributaria)`
+.. |EDI| replace:: :abbr:`EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)`
+.. |UUID| replace:: :abbr:`UUID (Universally Unique Identifier)`
+
+.. _guatemala/intro:
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+With the Guatemalan localization, you can connect to the tax authority Superintendencia de
+Administración Tributaria (SAT) to generate electronic documents with its XML, fiscal folio, and
+electronic signature.
+
+The supported documents are:
+
+- :guilabel:`FACT-Factura`,
+- :guilabel:`FCAM-Factura Cambiaria`,
+- :guilabel:`FPEQ-Factura de Pequeño Contribuyente`,
+- :guilabel:`NCRE-Credit Note`,
+- :guilabel:`NDEB-Debit Note`,
+- :guilabel:`NABN-Nota de Abono`,
+- :guilabel:`FCAP-Factura Cambiaria Pequeño Contribuyente`,
+- :guilabel:`FACT-Factura with Export Complement`.
+
+The localization requires an `Infile <https://infile.com.gt/>`_ account, which enables users to
+generate electronic documents within Odoo.
+
+.. seealso::
+   :doc:`Documentation on e-invoicing's legality and compliance in Guatemala
+   <../accounting/customer_invoices/electronic_invoicing/guatemala>`
+
+Glossary
+--------
+
+The following terms are used throughout the Guatemalan localization:
+
+- **SAT**: *Superintendencia de Administración Tributaria* is the government entity responsible for
+  enforcing tax payments in Guatemala.
+- **FEL**: *Factura Electrónica en Línea* is the electronic invoicing system mandated by the SAT in
+  Guatemala, which requires businesses to issue and manage electronic documents in compliance with
+  local regulations.
+- **EDI**: *Electronic Data Interchange* refers to the sending of electronic documents.
+- **Infile**: is the third-party organization that facilitates the interchange of electronic
+  documents between companies and the Guatemalan government.
+- **UUID**: *Universally Unique Identifier* is a unique alphanumeric code assigned by the SAT to
+  each certified electronic document in the FEL system, used for traceability and official
+  validation.
+- **Phrases**: Type of Phrases with specific Scenario Codes are used in the Guatemalan localization
+  to comply with the requirements of the SAT. They should be added depending on the issuer regime,
+  receiver, and operation type. These phrases are used in the XML and PDF documents.
+- **Establishment Code**: A unique identifier assigned by the SAT to each business establishment,
+  which is required for electronic invoicing.
+- **Quetzal**: The official currency of Guatemala, represented by the symbol GTQ. This is the base
+  currency for all financial transactions in the Guatemalan localization.
+
+Configuration
+=============
+
+Modules installation
+--------------------
+
+:ref:`Install <general/install>` the following modules to get all the features of the Guatemalan
+localization:
+
+.. list-table::
+   :header-rows: 1
+   :widths: 25 25 50
+
+   * - Name
+     - Technical name
+     - Description
+   * - :guilabel:`Guatemala - Accounting`
+     - `l10n_gt`
+     - The default :doc:`fiscal localization package <../fiscal_localizations>`. It adds accounting
+       characteristics for the Guatemalan localization, which represent the minimum configuration
+       required for a company to operate in Guatemala according to the guidelines set by the |SAT|.
+       The module's installation automatically loads the chart of accounts and taxes.
+   * - :guilabel:`Guatemala Accounting EDI`
+     - `l10n_gt_edi`
+     - Includes all the technical and functional requirements to generate and validate
+       :doc:`Electronics Documents <../accounting/customer_invoices/electronic_invoicing>`, based on
+       the technical documentation published by the |SAT|. The authorized documents are :ref:`listed
+       above <guatemala/intro>`.
+
+.. note::
+   Odoo automatically installs the base module **Guatemala - Accounting** when a database is
+   installed with `Guatemala` selected as the country. However, to enable electronic invoicing, the
+   **Guatemala Accounting EDI** (`l10n_gt_edi`) module needs to be manually :ref:`installed
+   <general/install>`.
+
+Company
+-------
+
+To configure your company information, open the **Settings** app, scroll down to the
+:guilabel:`Companies` section, click :guilabel:`Update Info`, and configure the following:
+
+- :guilabel:`Company Name`
+- :guilabel:`Address`, including the :guilabel:`Street`, :guilabel:`City`, :guilabel:`State`,
+  :guilabel:`ZIP`, and :guilabel:`Country`
+- :guilabel:`Tax ID`: Enter the identification number for the selected taxpayer type.
+- :guilabel:`VAT Affiliation`: Select the VAT affiliation for the company, which is the type of
+  Regime the company belongs to.
+- :guilabel:`Legal Name`: The legal name of the company, which is used in the XML and PDF documents.
+- :guilabel:`Establishment Code`: A necessary part of the XML when creating an electronic document.
+  If this field is not set, all electronic documents will be rejected.
+
+  To locate the :guilabel:`Establishment Code` in your `SAT account <https://portal.sat.gob.gt/>`_,
+  go to :menuselection:`FEL --> Administración de Establecimientos`. The list of registered
+  establishments is displayed along with their corresponding codes.
+
+.. important::
+   After configuring the company in the database settings, navigate to the company's contact form
+   and verify that the :guilabel:`Identification Number` :guilabel:`Type` is set to :guilabel:`NIT`.
+
+Electronic invoicing credentials
+--------------------------------
+
+In Guatemala, electronic invoicing is mandatory for most businesses. Odoo connects with the
+authorized provider, Infile, to generate and submit electronic documents to the |SAT| for
+validation.
+
+Before issuing electronic documents, you must configure and connect Odoo to Infile to ensure they
+are properly validated and assigned an official |UUID|.
+
+Infile
+~~~~~~
+
+Sign a service agreement directly with `Infile <https://infile.com.gt/>`_. Infile will then provide
+the necessary credentials to input in Odoo.
+
+Odoo
+~~~~
+
+In Odoo, once you have completed the Infile process, navigate to :menuselection:`Accounting -->
+Configuration --> Settings`, scroll down to the :guilabel:`Guatemalan Localization` section, then
+follow these steps:
+
+#. Select the :guilabel:`Infile Web Services` environment, either :guilabel:`Test` or
+   :guilabel:`Production`.
+#. Enter the :guilabel:`Infile Credentials`:
+
+   - :guilabel:`Infile WS Username or Prefix`
+   - :guilabel:`Infile Token`
+   - :guilabel:`Infile Key`
+
+#. Click on :guilabel:`Save`.
+
+.. note::
+   The :guilabel:`Infile Credentials` are provided by Infile and are required for both test and
+   production environments. If they are not available, contact Infile support.
+
+.. tip::
+   The demo environment is for testing only and does not generate legal documents, |UUID| keys, or
+   fiscal folios. No Infile account or credentials are needed to use the demo environment.
+
+Multi-currency
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The official currency exchange rate in Guatemala is provided by the Bank of Guatemala. Odoo can
+connect directly to its services and get the currency rate either automatically or manually.
+
+.. seealso::
+   :doc:`Multi-currencies <../accounting/get_started/multi_currency>`
+
+Master data
+-----------
+
+Chart of accounts
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The :doc:`chart of accounts <../accounting/get_started/chart_of_accounts>` is installed by default
+as part of the set of data included in the localization module, the accounts are mapped
+automatically in taxes, default accounts payable, and default accounts receivable.
+
+Accounts can be added or deleted according to the company's needs.
+
+Contacts
+~~~~~~~~
+
+The following fields must be completed on contact forms:
+
+- :guilabel:`Company Name`
+- :guilabel:`Address`, including the :guilabel:`Street`, :guilabel:`City`, :guilabel:`State`,
+  :guilabel:`ZIP`, and :guilabel:`Country`
+- :guilabel:`Identification Number`:
+
+  - :guilabel:`Type`: Select an identification type.
+  - :guilabel:`Number`: Required to confirm an electronic invoice.
+
+.. note::
+   To automatically include a specific phrase in the XML and PDF of every electronic invoice for a
+   contact, select it in :guilabel:`Phrases` field in the :guilabel:`Sales & purchase` tab of the
+   contact form.
+
+Taxes
+~~~~~
+
+As part of the Guatemala localization module, taxes are automatically created with their configuration
+and related financial accounts.
+
+Electronic invoices
+===================
+
+Once the database has been configured successfully, electronic documents can be created and sent.
+
+Once :doc:`customer invoices <../accounting/customer_invoices>` are validated, they can be sent
+electronically to |SAT| via Infile, provided the following fields are completed:
+
+- :guilabel:`Customer`: Type the customer's information.
+- :guilabel:`GT Document Type`: Select the type of document you want to create, i.e.,
+  :guilabel:`FACT - Factura Electrónica` or :guilabel:`FCAM - Factura Cambiara`. By default, the
+  document type is set to :guilabel:`FACT`.
+- :guilabel:`Due date`: To compute if the invoice is due now or later.
+- :guilabel:`Journal`: Select the sales journal.
+- :guilabel:`Products`: Specify the product(s) with the correct taxes.
+
+When done, click :guilabel:`Confirm`.
+
+.. note::
+   If you need to add a specific phrase based on the transaction, go to the :guilabel:`Other Info`
+   tab and add the corresponding phrase in :guilabel:`GT Phrases`. These phrases are used in the XML
+   and PDF documents.
+
+.. note::
+   If you need to add an addendum to the invoice, you can do so in the :guilabel:`Terms and
+   Conditions` field. The addendum will be included in the XML document and can be used to provide
+   additional information or notes related to the invoice.
+
+After the invoice confirmation, click :guilabel:`Send`. In the wizard that appears, make sure to
+enable the :guilabel:`Send to SAT` and :guilabel:`by Email` checkboxes to send the XML to the |SAT|
+through Infile's web service and the validated invoice to the client's email, and click
+:guilabel:`Send`. Then, the following occurs:
+
+- The XML document is created.
+- The |UUID| is generated.
+- The XML is processed synchronously by Infile.
+
+  - If accepted, the file is displayed in the chatter, and the email to the client with the
+    corresponding :file:`pdf` and :file:`xml` file is sent.
+  - If the file contains errors, a warning message displays the reason(s) and the email is not sent.
+
+.. image:: guatemala/pdf-xml-chatter-guatemala.png
+   :alt: EDI documents available in the chatter.
+
+The :guilabel:`SAT` tab then displays the following:
+
+- :guilabel:`Datetime`: Timestamp recorded of the XML creation.
+- :guilabel:`GT Status`: Status result obtained in the |SAT| response. If the file contains errors,
+  a warning message displays the reason(s) and the email is not sent.
+- :guilabel:`UUID`: The unique identifier assigned by the |SAT| to the electronic document.
+- :guilabel:`Download Certificate`: To download the sent XML file, even if the |SAT| result was
+  rejected.
+
+.. image:: guatemala/sat-tab-electronic-document.png
+   :alt: EDI document record available in SAT tab.
+
+.. _localization/guatemala/credit-notes:
+
+Debit and credit notes
+----------------------
+
+To send a debit or credit note to Infile, first create the :ref:`debit
+<accounting/credit_notes/issue-debit-note>` or :ref:`credit note
+<accounting/credit_notes/issue-credit-note>`.
+
+Then, in the :guilabel:`Send` window, click :guilabel:`Send to SAT (Guatemalan EDI)` to submit it
+for real-time validation. Upon successful validation, the QR code from Infile is embedded in the
+debit or credit note PDF.
+
+Export invoices
+---------------
+
+Exportation invoices must meet the following conditions:
+
+- The customer's :guilabel:`Identification type` must be :guilabel:`VAT`, :guilabel:`Passport`, or
+  :guilabel:`Foreign ID`.
+- The following fields must be defined in the customer invoice's :guilabel:`Other Info` tab, under
+  the :guilabel:`Accounting` section:
+
+   - :guilabel:`Incoterm`
+   - :guilabel:`GT Phrases`: :guilabel:`Type 4 Code 1`
+   - :guilabel:`Consignatory Company`
+
+- All invoice lines must include taxes set to 0%.
+
+.. image:: guatemala/l10n-gt-factura-de-cliente.png
+   :alt: Exportation invoices main data.