[ADD] Inventory: forecast report

closes odoo/documentation#12503

X-original-commit: 795a9df0ce
Signed-off-by: Jessica Rogers (jero) <jero@odoo.com>
Co-authored-by: larm-odoo <121518652+larm-odoo@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Felicia Kuan <feku@odoo.com>

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/warehouses_storage/reporting.rst

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ Reporting
 .. toctree::
    :titlesonly:
 
+   reporting/forecast
    reporting/stock
    reporting/locations
    reporting/moves_history

content/applications/inventory_and_mrp/inventory/warehouses_storage/reporting/forecast.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+=================
+Forecasted report
+=================
+
+.. |SO| replace:: :abbr:`SO (sales order)`
+.. |SOs| replace:: :abbr:`SOs (sales orders)`
+.. |RFQs| replace:: :abbr:`RFQs (Requests for Quotation)`
+.. |POs| replace:: :abbr:`POs (purchase orders)`
+.. |PO| replace:: :abbr:`PO (purchase order)`
+.. |MO| replace:: :abbr:`MO (manufacturing order)`
+.. |MOs| replace:: :abbr:`MOs (manufacturing orders)`
+
+The **Inventory** *forecasted report* provides a real-time view of projected stock levels, helping
+businesses manage their inventory efficiently. This report is beneficial for planning and decision
+making, ensuring stock availability for upcoming sales, manufacturing, and replenishment activities.
+
+.. important::
+   The forecast report is **only** available on products where inventory is being tracked, commonly
+   referred to as a *storable product*.
+
+Navigating the forecast report
+==============================
+
+The forecast report can be accessed via the **Inventory**, **Purchase**,  **Manufacturing**, and
+**Sales** apps.
+
+To access the report, click the :icon:`fa-area-chart` :guilabel:`Forecasted` smart button on a
+product form. Alternatively, the report can be accessed from a sales order (SO) or purchase order
+(PO) by clicking on the :icon:`fa-area-chart` :guilabel:`(Graph)` icon next to the product, then
+selecting :icon:`oi-arrow-right` :guilabel:`View Forecast`.
+
+.. image:: forecast/so-forecast.png
+   :alt: A sales order with the forecast report icon highlighted.
+
+The forecasted report consists of a graph and a table. The graph visually represents stock movements
+over time. The following information is displayed:
+
+- :guilabel:`On Hand`: current stock physically available in the warehouse.
+- :guilabel:`Incoming`: quantities expected from confirmed purchase orders or manufacturing orders.
+- :guilabel:`Outgoing`: quantities reserved for sales orders or other outgoing operations.
+- :guilabel:`Forecasted`: projected stock levels based on confirmed and planned operations.
+
+.. image:: forecast/forecast-chart.png
+   :alt: An example of the chart on a forecast report.
+
+The table provides detailed metrics regarding operations, including:
+
+- :guilabel:`Replenishment`: Shows reserved quantities, especially useful for multi-step operations.
+- :guilabel:`Receipt`: The date of receipt for the items.
+- :guilabel:`Units`: The number of units involved in each operation.
+- :guilabel:`Used by`: The operation the stock is allocated for.
+- :guilabel:`Delivery`: The scheduled or expected date of stock movement.
+- :guilabel:`Forecasted Inventory`: The forecasted stock levels.
+- :guilabel:`Forecasted with Pending`: The updated stock levels with the pending stock movements
+  considered.
+
+Reserve and unreserve products
+------------------------------
+
+Users can reserve or unreserve products directly from the forecasted report, ensuring stock
+allocation aligns with operational needs.
+
+.. image:: forecast/forecast-table.png
+   :alt: The detailed section on a forecast report showing the replenishment and reserved stock.
+
+.. seealso::
+   :doc:`../../shipping_receiving/reservation_methods`
+
+Replenish products
+------------------
+
+Click the :guilabel:`Replenish` button at the top of the report to open the :guilabel:`Product
+Replenish` pop-up. From here, products can be replenished through purchase orders from vendors, or
+manufactured. Select the :guilabel:`Quantity`, :guilabel:`Preferred Route` and :guilabel:`Vendor`,
+before clicking :guilabel:`Confirm`.
+
+Manufacturing forecast
+----------------------
+
+To view the availability of manufactured products, click the :guilabel:`Manufacturing Forecast`
+button. This displays the forecasted stock levels for raw materials, showing how much are expected
+to be consumed for upcoming manufacturing orders.
+
+The manufacturing forecast identifies component shortages before they can impact manufacturing
+timelines, and helps to align manufacturing activities with sales demands.
+
+.. image:: forecast/manufacturing-forecast.png
+   :alt: An example of the manufacturing forecast report.
+
+Update quantity
+---------------
+
+To manually update the quantity of a product, click :guilabel:`Update Quantity`. This opens the
+:guilabel:`Change Product Quantity` pop-up. Confirm the correct product variant is selected in the
+:guilabel:`Product` field, then enter the appropriate value in the :guilabel:`New Quantity on Hand`
+field. Click :guilabel:`Apply` when finished. The report then updates to reflect the new product
+quantity.
+
+Multi-step reservation
+======================
+
+Reserved quantities for multi-step incoming and outgoing shipments are indicated on in the
+:guilabel:`Replenishment` column on the table of the report.
+
+:guilabel:`Stock in Transit` refers to products that have been received, but are in transit to their
+input or quality control locations. :guilabel:`Free Stock in Transit` refers to available products
+received in the input location, but not yet placed in stock.
+
+Operations affecting the forecast report
+========================================
+
+The forecast report is influenced by various operations, each impacting stock levels differently.
+Scheduled delivery dates, planned manufacturing dates, and expected arrival dates all affect the
+forecast of inventory.
+
+Requests for Quotation (RFQs) do not immediately impact the forecast report, as the products are not
+confirmed for replenishment. |POs|, however, do affect the report as the products are expected to
+arrive after the |PO| has been confirmed.
+
+Confirmed |SOs| decrease the forecasted stock, adjusting the report based on the scheduled delivery
+date. Confirmed manufacturing orders (MOs) affect the forecasted stock for both raw materials and
+finished goods.
+
+Use cases
+=========
+
+Negative quantity
+-----------------
+
+A negative forecasted quantity indicates that the projected demand exceeds the available and
+incoming stock at a given point in time. This could occur because the |SOs| or |MOs| require more
+stock than is currently available or expected, or because of delays in the shipping or manufacturing
+process.
+
+Whatever the cause, when negative numbers are displayed on the forecast report, it serves as an
+early warning, allowing business to take preventative action. This can include:
+
+- Prioritizing specific sales or production orders.
+- Adjusting procurement strategies to expedite purchase orders.
+- Manage customer expectations by proactively communicating the possibility for delays.
+
+.. image:: forecast/neg-quantity.png
+   :alt: An example of the forecast report with a negative quantity.
+
+Split orders
+------------
+
+In the example below, there is not currently enough stock of a product, `Cabinet with Doors` to
+fulfill the multiple sales orders. The current stock has been reserved for a shipment,
+`WH/OUT/00011`, and the remainder has been split between the two orders. The remaining stock is
+expected with `WH/IN/00004`. Once received, they are the separated out to cover the remaining
+orders.
+
+.. image:: forecast/forecast-use-case.png
+   :alt: An example of the forecast report chart showing the split delivery for an order.
+
+Late receipt
+------------
+
+The replenishment table can be used to determine whether an incoming shipment arrives in time to
+fulfill an order. For example, a |SO| is displayed with a :guilabel:`Delivery Date` for today for
+five `Cable Management Boxes`. The current on hand quantity is zero. A |PO| has been confirmed, with
+the expected arrival three days from today.
+
+The forecasted quantity for today shows `-5`, because the confirmed demand is five, but the current
+stock on hand is zero. Since the :guilabel:`Receipt` date is *after* the :guilabel:`Delivery Date`,
+the shipment is late.
+
+This can be an indication to either expedite the current shipment, if possible, or reschedule the
+delivery date for the |SO|.