nextcloud-docs/admin_manual/installation/nginx.rst

===================
Nginx configuration
===================

This page covers example Nginx configurations to use with running an Nextcloud
server. This page is community-maintained. (Thank you, contributors!)

-  You need to insert the following code into **your Nginx configuration file.**
-  Adjust **server_name**, **root**, **ssl_certificate** and
   **ssl_certificate_key** to suit your needs.
-  Make sure your SSL certificates are readable by the server (see `nginx HTTP
   SSL Module documentation <http://wiki.nginx.org/HttpSslModule>`_).
-  ``add_header`` statements are only taken from the current level and are not
   cascaded from or to a different level. All necessary ``add_header``
   statements must be defined in each level needed. For better readability it
   is possible to move *common* add header statements into a separate file
   and include that file wherever necessary. However, each ``add_header``
   statement must be written in a single line to prevent connection problems
   with sync clients.
-  Be careful about line breaks if you copy the examples, as long lines may be
   broken for page formatting.
-  Some environments might need a ``cgi.fix_pathinfo`` set to ``1`` in their
   ``php.ini``.

Thanks to `@josh4trunks <https://github.com/josh4trunks>`_ for providing /
creating these configuration examples.

Nextcloud in the webroot of nginx
---------------------------------

The following configuration should be used when Nextcloud is placed in the
webroot of your nginx installation. In this example it is
``/var/www/nextcloud`` and it is accessed via ``http(s)://cloud.example.com``

.. code-block:: nginx

  upstream php-handler {
      server 127.0.0.1:9000;
      #server unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
  }

  server {
      listen 80;
      listen [::]:80;
      server_name cloud.example.com;
      # enforce https
      return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
  }

  server {
      listen 443 ssl http2;
      listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
      server_name cloud.example.com;

      # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
      # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
      # NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
      ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
      ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;

      # Add headers to serve security related headers
      # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
      # topic first.
      # add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
      # includeSubDomains; preload;";
      #
      # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
      # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
      # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
      # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
      # could take several months.
      add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
      add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
      add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
      add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
      add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
      add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

      # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
      fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

      # Path to the root of your installation
      root /var/www/nextcloud/;

      location = /robots.txt {
          allow all;
          log_not_found off;
          access_log off;
      }

      # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
      # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
      #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
      #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
      # last;

      # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
      # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
      # rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /public.php?service=webfinger last;

      location = /.well-known/carddav {
        return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
      }
      location = /.well-known/caldav {
        return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
      }

      # set max upload size
      client_max_body_size 512M;
      fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

      # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
      gzip on;
      gzip_vary on;
      gzip_comp_level 4;
      gzip_min_length 256;
      gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
      gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

      # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
      # This module is currently not supported.
      #pagespeed off;

      location / {
          rewrite ^ /index.php$request_uri;
      }

      location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
          deny all;
      }
      location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
          deny all;
      }

      location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+)\.php(?:$|/) {
          fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
          include fastcgi_params;
          fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
          fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
          fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
          #Avoid sending the security headers twice
          fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
          fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
          fastcgi_pass php-handler;
          fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
          fastcgi_request_buffering off;
      }

      location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
          try_files $uri/ =404;
          index index.php;
      }

      # Adding the cache control header for js and css files
      # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
      location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif)$ {
          try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
          add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
          # Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
          # have those duplicated to the ones above)
          # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into
          # this topic first.
          # add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
          #
          # WARNING: Only add the preload option once you read about
          # the consequences in https://hstspreload.org/. This option
          # will add the domain to a hardcoded list that is shipped
          # in all major browsers and getting removed from this list
          # could take several months.
          add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
          add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
          add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
          add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
          add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
          add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

          # Optional: Don't log access to assets
          access_log off;
      }

      location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
          try_files $uri /index.php$request_uri;
          # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
          access_log off;
      }
  }

Nextcloud in a subdir of nginx
------------------------------

The following config should be used when Nextcloud is placed within a subdir of
your nginx installation.

.. code-block:: nginx

  upstream php-handler {
      server 127.0.0.1:9000;
      #server unix:/var/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;
  }

  server {
      listen 80;
      listen [::]:80;
      server_name cloud.example.com;
      # enforce https
      return 301 https://$server_name$request_uri;
  }

  server {
      listen 443 ssl http2;
      listen [::]:443 ssl http2;
      server_name cloud.example.com;

      # Use Mozilla's guidelines for SSL/TLS settings
      # https://mozilla.github.io/server-side-tls/ssl-config-generator/
      # NOTE: some settings below might be redundant
      ssl_certificate /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.crt;
      ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx/cloud.example.com.key;

      # Add headers to serve security related headers
      # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read into this
      # topic first.
      #add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload;";
      add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
      add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
      add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
      add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
      add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
      add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

      # Remove X-Powered-By, which is an information leak
      fastcgi_hide_header X-Powered-By;

      # Path to the root of your installation
      root /var/www/;

      location = /robots.txt {
          allow all;
          log_not_found off;
          access_log off;
      }

      # The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
      # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
      # rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta
      # last;
      #rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json
      # /nextcloud/public.php?service=host-meta-json last;

      # The following rule is only needed for the Social app.
      # Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
      # rewrite ^/.well-known/webfinger /nextcloud/public.php?service=webfinger last;

      location = /.well-known/carddav {
        return 301 $scheme://$host/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
      }
      location = /.well-known/caldav {
        return 301 $scheme://$host/nextcloud/remote.php/dav;
      }

      location /.well-known/acme-challenge { }

      location ^~ /nextcloud {

          # set max upload size
          client_max_body_size 512M;
          fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;

          # Enable gzip but do not remove ETag headers
          gzip on;
          gzip_vary on;
          gzip_comp_level 4;
          gzip_min_length 256;
          gzip_proxied expired no-cache no-store private no_last_modified no_etag auth;
          gzip_types application/atom+xml application/javascript application/json application/ld+json application/manifest+json application/rss+xml application/vnd.geo+json application/vnd.ms-fontobject application/x-font-ttf application/x-web-app-manifest+json application/xhtml+xml application/xml font/opentype image/bmp image/svg+xml image/x-icon text/cache-manifest text/css text/plain text/vcard text/vnd.rim.location.xloc text/vtt text/x-component text/x-cross-domain-policy;

          # Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
          # This module is currently not supported.
          #pagespeed off;

          location /nextcloud {
              rewrite ^ /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
          }

          location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
              deny all;
          }
          location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
              deny all;
          }

          location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+)\.php(?:$|/) {
              fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+?\.php)(/.*)$;
              include fastcgi_params;
              fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
              fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
              fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
              #Avoid sending the security headers twice
              fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
              fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
              fastcgi_pass php-handler;
              fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
              fastcgi_request_buffering off;
          }

          location ~ ^/nextcloud/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
              try_files $uri/ =404;
              index index.php;
          }

          # Adding the cache control header for js and css files
          # Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
          location ~ \.(?:css|js|woff2?|svg|gif)$ {
              try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
              add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=15778463";
              # Add headers to serve security related headers  (It is intended
              # to have those duplicated to the ones above)
              # Before enabling Strict-Transport-Security headers please read
              # into this topic first.
              # add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=15768000;
              # includeSubDomains; preload;";
              add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
              add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
              add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
              add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
              add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
              add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;

              # Optional: Don't log access to assets
              access_log off;
          }

          location ~ \.(?:png|html|ttf|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
              try_files $uri /nextcloud/index.php$request_uri;
              # Optional: Don't log access to other assets
              access_log off;
          }
      }
  }

Tips and tricks
---------------

Suppressing log messages
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

If you're seeing meaningless messages in your logfile, for example ``client
denied by server configuration: /var/www/data/htaccesstest.txt``, add this section to
your nginx configuration to suppress them:

.. code-block:: nginx

        location = /data/htaccesstest.txt {
          allow all;
          log_not_found off;
          access_log off;
        }

JavaScript (.js) or CSS (.css) files not served properly
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^

A common issue with custom nginx configs is that JavaScript (.js)
or CSS (.css) files are not served properly leading to a 404 (File not found)
error on those files and a broken webinterface.

This could be caused by the:

.. code-block:: nginx

        location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {

block shown above not located **below** the:

.. code-block:: nginx

        location ~ \.php(?:$|/) {

block. Other custom configurations like caching JavaScript (.js)
or CSS (.css) files via gzip could also cause such issues.