chrome-extensions-samples/functional-samples/tutorial.quick-api-reference/content.js

// Popover API https://chromestatus.com/feature/5463833265045504

(async () => {
  const nav = document.querySelector('.upper-tabs > nav');

  const { tip } = await chrome.runtime.sendMessage({ greeting: 'tip' });

  const tipWidget = createDomElement(`
    <button type="button" popovertarget="tip-popover" popovertargetaction="show" style="padding: 0 12px; height: 36px;">
      <span style="display: block; font: var(--devsite-link-font,500 14px/20px var(--devsite-primary-font-family));">Tip</span>
    </button>
  `);

  const popover = createDomElement(
    `<div id='tip-popover' popover style="margin: auto;">${tip}</div>`
  );

  document.body.append(popover);
  nav.append(tipWidget);
})();

function createDomElement(html) {
  const dom = new DOMParser().parseFromString(html, 'text/html');
  return dom.body.firstElementChild;
}